Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 26
Filter
1.
Medwave ; 19(6): e7666, 2019.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1008000

ABSTRACT

Resumen La tinea nigra es una infrecuente micosis superficial causada por el hongo dematiáceo Hortaea werneckii. Se presenta habitualmente en zonas costeras tropicales, siendo muy escasos los reportes en países sudamericanos con climas más templados. Habitualmente corresponde a infecciones importadas por viajeros. Se presenta el caso de una paciente adulta chilena, sin historia previa de viajes recientes, cursando con cuadro clínico y microbiológico compatible con tinea nigra palmar, tratado con itraconazol oral y sertaconazol tópico con respuesta favorable. Esta paciente corresponde al primer caso reportado en Chile de origen autóctono.


Abstract Tinea nigra is an infrequent superficial mycosis caused by the dematiaceous fungus Hortaea werneckii. It usually occurs in tropical coastal areas, with very few reports in South American countries with temperate climates, generally corresponding to infections imported by travelers. We present the case of a Chilean adult patient, with no previous history of recent trips, with clinical and microbiological background consistent with palmar tinea nigra, treated with oral itraconazole and topical sertaconazole with a favorable response. This article is the first case reported in Chile, of autochthonous origin.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Thiophenes/administration & dosage , Tinea/diagnosis , Itraconazole/administration & dosage , Imidazoles/administration & dosage , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Tinea/drug therapy , Chile , Treatment Outcome
2.
Enferm. univ ; 15(1): 45-54, ene.-mar- 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-953221

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La inserción de estudiantes de pregrado en actividades de investigación es relevante para fomentar la crítica y aplicación de resultados de investigación. La formación de ayudantes de investigación se plantea como una alternativa válida para que los alumnos se expongan, experimenten y participen activamente en el proceso de investigación. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimiento y grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes después de participar en un programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación. Método: Estudio de pre y post test en 20 estudiantes de pregrado de Enfermería. Se evaluó el conocimiento alcanzado y la satisfacción de los estudiantes con el programa de formación, el cual considera tres módulos de aprendizaje distribuidos en 180 horas cronológicas. Resultados: El conocimiento de los estudiantes incrementó significativamente con el programa, no se relacionó con el conocimiento que el alumno trae al inicio del mismo, así como tampoco con el semestre que cursa. El grado de satisfacción fue en el 100% de los alumnos muy satisfecho. Discusión: Este artículo reporta un programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación que es posible ser replicado en otras realidades, que incrementa el conocimiento, con un alto grado de satisfacción en los estudiantes. La duración del programa podría considerarse una debilidad. Conclusión: La participación de estudiantes de pregrado en un programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación, puede considerarse una estrategia para involucrar a alumnos en investigación, y que valoren su aporte en la disciplina de enfermería.


Introduction: An early integration of undergraduate students into activities of research can help them develop skills for a critical application of the corresponding findings. The formation of research assistants program is proposed as an experience for students to expose, experiment, and actively participate in diverse researching related activities. Objective: To identify the level of knowledge and degree of satisfaction of students after their participation in a research assistant formation program. Method: This is pre-post-test study involving 20 undergraduate nursing students. Their achieved knowledge and satisfaction in the three-module-180-hours program were assessed. Results: Unrelated to parallel experiences, the students' knowledge increased significantly after the program. All students stated having felt very satisfied. Discussion: This article informs on a program of formation of research assistants which is prone to be extended to other contexts, however its duration could be adjusted. Conclusion: The participation of undergraduate students in a research assistant formation program is a novel strategy to engage students into nursing research.


Introdução: A inserção de estudantes de graduação em atividades de pesquisa é relevante para promover a crítica e aplicação de resultados de pesquisa. A formação de assistentes de pesquisa contempla-se como una alternativa válida para os alunos se exporem, experimentarem e participarem ativamente no processo de pesquisa. Objetivo: Identificar o nível de conhecimento e grau de satisfação dos estudantes depois de participarem em um programa de formação de assistentes de pesquisa. Método: Estudo de pre e post teste de 20 estudantes de graduação de Enfermagem. Avaliou-se o conhecimento atingido e a satisfação dos estudantes com o programa de formação, o qual considera três módulos de aprendizagem distribuídos em 180 horas cronológicas. Resultados: O conhecimento dos estudantes aumentou significativamente com o programa, não se relaciona com o conhecimento que o aluno traz ao início do mesmo, assim como também não, com o semestre que cursa. O grau de satisfação foi do 100% dos alunos: muito satisfeito. Discussão: Este artigo informa um programa de formação de assistentes de pesquisa que é possível ser reproduzido em outras realidades, que aumenta o conhecimento, com um alto grau de satisfação nos estudantes. A duração do programa podia considerar-se uma debilidade. Conclusão: A participação de estudantes de graduação em um programa de formação de assistentes de pesquisa, pode considerar-se uma estratégia para envolver os alunos em pesquisa, e que valorizem seu aporte na disciplina de enfermagem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Research , Students, Nursing , Learning
3.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 30(6): 638-643, dic. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701713

ABSTRACT

Background: Late diagnosis of HIV is a problem of international and national relevance. Despite the availability of HIV testing in primary health care, it is often performed too late. Aim: To identify facilitators and barriers to early HIV testing in primary health care. Methods: Four databases of nursing, psychological, biomedical, and health related professions areas were examined with a review protocol. Results were grouped into two main subjects: facilitators and barriers occurring among the population, among health care workers, and within primary health care centers. Results: Perception of risk behaviors, self-care, social support, trust, confidentiality of the examination, the offer of the examination, and the knowledge of early treatment have been recognized as facilitators for taking the exam. The lack of information about the test and the disease are recognized as the main barrier to access the test. This information is a cornerstone to design and implement strategies to increase the number of people taking voluntarily HIV testing.


Introducción: El diagnóstico tardío de la infección por VIH es un problema universal. A pesar de la disponibilidad del test de ELISA para el diagnóstico de esta infección en la atención primaria de salud, las personas continúan tomándoselo tardíamente. Objetivo: Conocer los factores que facilitan o dificultan que las personas accedan oportunamente al examen en la atención primaria de salud. Métodos: Cuatro bases de datos del área de la enfermería, psicológica, salud biomédica y profesiones afines (años 2001-2012) fueron examinadas con un protocolo de revisión. Resultados: De 195 artículos detectados, 15 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron agrupados en dos grandes temas: elementos facilitadores y elementos obstaculizadores de la persona, de los profesionales y de los centros de atención primaria de salud. Percepción de conductas de riesgo, autocuidado, apoyo social, la confianza, confidencialidad del examen, el ofrecimiento del examen y el conocimiento de un tratamiento oportuno han sido reconocidos como uno de los elementos facilitadores para la toma del examen. La falta de información sobre el test y la enfermedad son reconocidas como los principales obstaculizadores para acceder al test. Discusión: La información obtenida es un pilar fundamental para diseñar e implementar estrategias destinadas a aumentar el número de personas que solicitan voluntariamente al examen.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Services Accessibility , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Primary Health Care , HIV Infections/psychology
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 29(6): 600-606, dic. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665563

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection in young people and recognized as the most important risk factor for cervical cancer (CC). Aim: To describe the degree of knowledge that a group of Chilean teenagers have of HPV infection, CC, and its relationship with preventive behavior. Methods: This is an analytical study, with a random sample of 226 adolescents from three public schools of the Metropolitan Region in Santiago. Results: A fifth of the interviewed students did not know there was a HPV vaccine. Multiple sexual partners was indicated as a risk factor of CC by 70.8% and of HPV infection by 78.3% of them; while 60.3% identified inheritance as a risk factor. HPV transmission through unprotected sexual relations was identified by 68.2% of the sample. Of sexually active adolescents, condom use during sexual relations was reported by 31.1%. The adolescents who use condoms significantly have more knowledge regarding the number of sexual partners and age of first sexual intercourse as a risk factor for CC. Conclusion: adolescents know about HPV transmission, however, the preventing conducts are not related to this information.


Introducción: El virus papiloma humano (VPH) es una infección de transmisión sexual frecuente en población joven, y reconocido como el factor de riesgo más importante para desarrollar cáncer cérvico-uterino (CC). Objetivo: Describir el grado de conocimiento que tiene un grupo de adolescentes chilenas en relación al CC, al VPH y su relación con las conductas preventivas. Métodos: Estudio analítico, con una muestra aleatoria de 226 adolescentes de tres colegios municipalizados de la Región Metropolitana. Resultados: El 20% de la muestra desconoce la presencia de una vacuna contra el VPH. Las adolescentes señalan como factor de riesgo para desarrollar CC tener múltiples parejas sexuales (70,8%), VPH (78,3%) y la herencia (60,3%). La transmisión del VPH mediante relaciones sexuales sin protección es reconocida por 68,2% de la muestra. El 31,1% de las adolescentes sexualmente activas usa condón durante las relaciones sexuales. Aquellas adolescentes que usan condón señalan un conocimiento significativamente mejor solamente en lo que respecta al número de parejas sexuales y edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales como factor de riesgo de CC. Conclusión: Las adolescentes conocen sobre la transmisión del VPH; sin embargo, las conductas preventivas no se relacionan con dicho conocimiento.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Sexual Behavior , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control , Chile , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 139(6): 710-716, jun. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-603115

ABSTRACT

Background: The Chilean Ministry of Health has been using standards for nutritional evaluation and weight gain recommendations during pregnancy in the last 25 years. In the meantime new standards have been developed. Aim: To study the combined infl uence of preconception maternal nutritional status and gestational weight gain, using new standards to classify those parameters, on perinatal outcomes. Material and Meihods: A cohort of 11,465 healthy pregnant women was prospectively followed until term. Their pre-gestational nutritional status was classified using the body mass Índex cut-offs in use in the United States (USA). Their gestational weight gain was classified using categories proposed in a Danish study. Perinatal outcomes included were risky birth weight, i.e. < 3000 g and ≥ 4000 g, and cesarean delivery. Relative risks for those perinatal outcomes were calculated for all combined categories of pre-gestational nutritional status and gestational weight gain. Results: Relative risks of almost all gestational weight gain results were statistically significant for women having a normal pre-gestational nutritional status meanwhile all of them were not significant for underweight women. Overweight and obese women had similar relative risks valúes as normal women. However, many of them were not significant, especially in obese women. Conclusions: There is an independent and combined infl uence of preconception nutritional status and gestational weight gain on perinatal outcomes, when using standards to classify those parameters developed in the USA and Denmark, respectively.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Birth Weight/physiology , Body Mass Index , Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology , Weight Gain/physiology , Chile/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Preconception Care , Reference Values , Risk Factors
6.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 59(4): 369-377, dic. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-588638

ABSTRACT

El impacto del estado nutricional prenatal, especialmente lo concerniente al peso de nacimiento (PN) y sus efectos tanto en el corto, mediano o largo plazo, sobre el estado nutricional y el desarrollo cognitivo del niño y, sobre la ocupación desempeñada en la vida adulta, ha sido una problemática de interés para diversos investigadores; al respecto, algunos autores encuentran una asociación positiva y significativa entre estas variables, mientras que otros no encuentran ninguna relación. Es así como se ha descrito que niños con PN insuficiente, bajo o, extremadamente bajo, además del deterioro temprano del estado nutricional, presentarían en el corto plazo, un mayor riesgo de daño en la maduración cerebral, retraso del desarrollo cognitivo y menores circunferencias craneanas, lo que implicaría menor volumen encefálico y bajo rendimiento intelectual. En el corto y mediano plazo, esta situación perjudicaría el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en la etapa escolar, mientras que en el largo plazo, esto condicionaría la ocupación a desempeñar en la vida adulta. Actualmente, el cuerpo de conocimientos pone de manifiesto que los hallazgos relativos a estas asociaciones no son concluyentes, existiendo gran controversia en estas materias. Este artículo de revisión tiene el propósito de analizar la evidencia existente hasta este momento, con el objeto de incentivar la investigación en estos aspectos que son de gran relevancia para el desarrollo del niño y su vida futura.


The impact of prenatal nutritional status, assessed through birth weight (BW) and their effects in the short, medium and long-term on nutritional status, cognitive development and job status in the adult life, has been a problem of interest for several researchers; as regards, some of these report a positive and significant association between these variables and others do not find any relation. Children with insufficient, low or very low BW despite the early more deteriorate nutritional status should present higher risk for brain maturation, failure cognitive development and lowered head circumference which implies both lowered brain volume and intellectual development. In the short and medium-term, this situation damages the learning process at school-age, while in the long-term this might condition the quality of jobs. At present, the body of knowledge pinpoints that findings related to these associations is not conclusive verifying a great controversy in these matters. This review article has the purpose of analyzing the current evidence, in order to stimulate research about to these aspects which are relevant for child development and their future life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Birth Weight , Learning Disabilities , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Nutritional Status , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/prevention & control
7.
Rev. chil. cir ; 59(5): 370-373, oct. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-477316

ABSTRACT

La cirugía constituye el método más efectivo para lograr la reducción y mantención de la pérdida de peso en el paciente obeso. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los resultados a corto y mediano plazo en pacientes con índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) bajo 35. Los autores realizaron 38 procedimientos de banding gástrico laparoscópico en pacientes con IMC entre 30 y 34,9. La proporción mujer/hombre fue de 2,4:1. La edad promedio fue de 39,2 años y el IMC fue de 32,8 kg/m². El tiempo operatorio fue de 58 minutos y la estadía hospitalaria fue de 2 días. No hubo mortalidad en la serie. Las complicaciones alcanzaron al 7,9 por ciento. El porcentaje de pérdida de peso alcanzó al 57,7 por ciento a los 12 meses y la resolución o mejoría de las comorbilidades fue un 84 por ciento a los 6 meses. El banding gástrico laparoscópico es una alternativa efectiva y segura para el manejo del exceso de peso y comorbilidades en el mediano plazo en pacientes con IMC menor a 35. Son necesarios seguimientos a largo plazo que confirmen los efectos benéficos de la cirugía en este grupo de pacientes.


Background: Surgery is the most effective treatment to reduce weight among obese subjects. Aim: To assess the results of gastric banding among patients with a body mass index (BMI) of less than 35 kg/m². Material and methods: Prospective study of 38 patients aged 14 to 60 years (27 females) with a BMI ranging from 30 to 34.5 kg/m², subjected to a gastric banding. Results: Mean operative time and hospital stay were 58 minutes and two days, respectively. Eight percent had surgical complications. Mean weight loss was 58 percent at 12 months and complications associated to obesity subsided in 84 percent of patients at six months. Conclusions: In this series of patients with a BMI of less than 35 kg/m2, gastric banding was safe and effective to achieve weight loss.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Laparoscopy/methods , Obesity/surgery , Body Mass Index , Comorbidity , Obesity/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Time Factors
8.
Rev. chil. cir ; 59(4): 277-280, ago. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-474667

ABSTRACT

En EE.UU. existe un 4 por ciento de obesos adolescentes y un 80 por ciento de ellos llegará a ser obeso en la vida adulta. En Chile un 33 por ciento de los escolares púberes presentan obesidad y sobrepeso según datos del Ministerio de Salud. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los resultados a corto y mediano plazo del banding gástrico por laparoscopía en el grupo de obesos adolescentes. Entre agosto del 2004 y enero 2005, se realizaron 21 banding gástricos por laparoscopía en obesos adolescentes. La edad promedio fue de 17 años (extremos 13 y 19), con un IMC de 38,6. La relación mujer/hombre fue de 2,5:1. No hubo mortalidad en la serie y se procedió al retiro en dos pacientes por deslizamiento a los seis meses postoperatorios. El tiempo operatorio fue de 60 minutos, con una estadía de 1,9 días. El porcentaje de pérdida de peso fue de 54,1 por ciento a los 12 meses y la resolución o mejoría de las comorbilidades alcanzó al 90 por ciento a los 6 meses. Los autores consideran al Banding Gástrico Laparoscópico como la técnica de elección el paciente obeso adolescente por tratarse de un método efectivo y seguro a mediano plazo. Es necesario un mayor seguimiento para evaluar sus resultados a largo plazo.


Background: Thirty percent of school age teenagers are obese in Chile. Aim: To assess the short and long term results of gastric banding among obese adolescents. Material and methods: Prospective evaluation of gastric banding procedures performed to 21 teenagers aged 13 to 19 years (15 females). Results: Mean body mass index of patients ranged from 31 to 51 kg/m2. Mean operative time and hospital stay were 60 minutes 1.9 days respectively. No patient died. Two bands had to be withdrawn after six months due to displacement. A 54% weight loss was obtained at 12 months of follow up and 90% of complications of obesity improved at 6 months. Conclusions: Gastric banding is a safe and effective surgical treatment for obesity in adolescents.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adolescent , Humans , Gastroplasty/methods , Laparoscopy/methods , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Comorbidity , Hyperinsulinism/epidemiology , Hyperuricemia/epidemiology , Insulin Resistance , Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology , Postoperative Period , Time Factors , Weight Loss
9.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 9(3)June 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-448817

ABSTRACT

At present, it is common to observe environments with organic and inorganic pollution, defined as co-contamination. Most industrial and urban effluents releases both pollutant types, leading to a complex environmental problem, as the biota must be tolerant to both xenobiotics. T. helicus, an efficient strain to degrade biphenyl, was trained with high copper levels, and became co tolerant to cobalt, lead and cadmium when was cultured in their presence. The copper adaptation was the result of physiological mechanisms, and the activated biochemical processes conferred resistance to Cu2+ as well as to other heavy metals. Furthermore, the Cu2+ adaptation of the mycelium was also transferred to the spores, that removed twice as much copper from solution than those of the no trained parentals. Interestingly, metals combinations were less toxic than single ones, and co tolerance development indicated that the cellular mechanisms that conferred resistance were non-specific, so the micobiota isolated from co contaminated environments often exhibited resistance to more than one ions. These results emphasized the detoxification abilities of T. helicus and the adaptation to heavy metals and biarylic compounds. This data is significant for the environmental biotechnology, suggesting that such tolerance and co tolerance could be acquired in natural environments. So a simple bioremediation strategy could enhance the detoxification of these polluted areas, as the degrader organisms could be present.

10.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 9(3)June 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-448819

ABSTRACT

Environmental biotechnology has developed as an offshoot from sanitary engineering, and only recently the biological component of the ecosystems had been recognized as relevant when bioremediation strategies must be chosen to solve environmental problems. Yeasts were isolated on 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl, 2,3',4- and 2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl, poorly soluble compounds in water, as carbon sources. Debaryomyces castelli, Debaryomyces maramus and Dipodascus aggregatus composed the mixed culture and represented 72 percent of the isolates; their degradation potential were studied in biphasic and monophasic systems. The biphasic cultures were obtained with phenol as the organic phase and MSM as the aqueous ones, the monophasic medium only with MSM. Both cultures were supplied with 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm DCB, TCB-3' and TCB-4' as substrate. The growth rates varied with the dispersion degree, agitation rates and cell adhesion to the organic phase. The water-phenolic system improved yeasts selection in pollutant presence with low water solubilities, indeed, the adaptation and degradation were more slowly in the monophasic aqueous medium. Bioremediation is based on the presence of efficient microbial populations and pollutant availability; the tested yeasts and the organic-water system assayed put forward the possibility that hydrophobic substrates could be mineralized in natural habitats by wild yeast consortium.

11.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 62(1): 33-39, 2005. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-442550

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo se basa en estudios realizados desde el año 1972 en la Cátedra "C" de Anatomía de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, donde se analiza el rendimiento de los alumnos que ingresaron con y sin examen de ingreso Objetivos: Evaluar el rendimiento alcanzado por los alumnos, tomando para el análisis un corte transversal de dos grupos, aquellos que ingresaron entre los años 1985 y 1988 Y los que lo hicieron entre 1992 y 1999, sin y con prueba de admisibilidad respectivamente. Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: Porcentaje promedio de deserción. Porcentaje promedio de alumnos aprobados en Noviembre,' Diciembre y Marzo. Porcentaje promedio de alumnos que aprobaron las evaluaciones parciales. Nota promedio de las evaluaciones parciales. Se auditaron las fichas del rendimiento de cada alumnos de la cátedra: datos personales, asistencia, notas de las evaluaciones parciales, trabajo domiciliario, conocimiento del tema del día, interés en la actividad práctica y concepto general del alumno.El análisis estadístico evaluó si había diferencias entre los grupos a comparados. Resultados: Porcentaje promedio de deserción: sin admisibilidad: 27,15%, con admisibilidad: 7,91%. Porcentaje promedio de aprobados en Noviembre, Diciembre y Marzo: sin admisibilidad: 50,75%, con admisibilidad: 90,43%. Porcentaje promedio que aprobaron los parciales: sin admisibilidad: 68,75%, con admisibilidad: 93,29%.Nota promedio de las evaluaciones parciales: sin admisibilidad: 6,63%, con admisibilidad: 6,86%. Conclusiones: El rendimiento global de los alumnos con selección de ingreso supera a aquellos que ingresaron de manera directa.


BACKGROUND: The present paper, based on studies carried out as from the year 1972 at the Department of Anatomy [quot ]C[quot ] of the Medical Sciences School of the National University of La Plata, analyzes the performance of students who entered the aforementioned School with and without entrance examination. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance achieved by the students, considering for the analysis a cross section of two groups, those who entered the School between the years 1985 and 1988 and those who did it between 1992 and 1999, without and with entrance examination respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following variables were evaluated: Dropout average percentage. Average percentage of students who passed in November, December and March. Average percentage of students who passed the mid-term tests. Mid-term tests average mark. The performance records of each student in the department were audited: personal information, assistance, mid-term tests marks, homework, familiarity with topic of the day, interest in the practical activity and student overall impression. The statistical analysis evaluated whether there were any particular differences between the groups compared. RESULTS: Dropout average percentage: without admissibility*: 27,15%, with admissibility: 7,91% Average percentage of students who passed in November, December and March: without admissibility: 50,75%, with admissibility: 90,43% Average percentage of students who passed the mid-term tests: without admissibility: 68,75%, with admissibility: 93,29% Mid-term tests average mark: without admissibility: 6,63%, with admissibility: 6,86% *Admissibility = entrance examination CONCLUSIONS: The overall performance of the students with entrance selection surpasses the one of those who entered directly.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Educational Measurement , Schools, Medical , Students, Medical , Argentina , College Admission Test , Cross-Sectional Studies , Educational Status , Program Evaluation , School Admission Criteria
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 131(5): 520-525, mayo 2003.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-356108

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies, specially iron, render pregnant women as one of the most vulnerable groups to have anemia. AIM: To report the prevalence of anemia during pregnancy and its associated features in women attending public clinics in the Puente Alto County. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 1683 pregnant women aged 18 years old or more. Hemoglobin concentration was determined using the cianmetahemoglobin method. Anemia was defined using the 5th percentile cut-off for each week of gestational age as proposed by R Yip from the Centers of Disease Control, 1989. The influence of maternal age, parity, nutritional status classified using weight/height, diseases and smoking habits on hemoglobin concentration were analyzed using logistic regression with a stepwise procedure. RESULTS: Thirteen percent of the study population was anemic. The single factor significantly associated with anemia was nutritional status. Twenty one percent of women with a low weight for height were anemic. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the concept that pregnant women with a low weight for height have the greatest risk for anemia and should be specially benefited with preventive or treatment programs to avoid this problem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/epidemiology , Nutritional Status , Anemia/diagnosis , Anemia/etiology , Regression Analysis , Chile/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Hemoglobins/analysis , Hypertension/etiology , Maternal Age , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Prevalence , Pre-Eclampsia/etiology
14.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 67(5): 377-380, 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627335

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados de 140 muestras histológicas tomadas en pacientes con cáncer de mama para determinar su concentración de receptores de estrógenos. Destaca la importancia, frecuencia de positividad para receptores de estrógenos en todos los tipos histológicos.


We've analized the resuls from 140 histologic samples taken to patients with breast cancer in order to find its concentration of estrogen receptors. We notice a high frecuency of positive indexes for estrogen receptors in all histologic types.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Receptors, Estrogen , Biopsy , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Immunohistochemistry
15.
Rev. dent. Chile ; 88(3): 30-3, nov. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-216341

ABSTRACT

Se trataron discos de acrílico mediante la inmersión en clorhexidina al 0,5 por ciento y se correlacionó el tiempo de exposición a un buffer con el área de inhibición de S. mutans y C. albicans. 102 discos se trataron mediante inmersión en clorhexidina al 0,5 por ciento durante 16 minutos. Del total de discos, 51 fueron destinados para la realización del antibiograma por difusión en un medio sembrado con S. mutans y 51 en uno sembrado con C.albicans. Para la realización del antibiograma, tres discos se llevaron a cultivo, sin sumergir en el buffer, constituyendo el tiempo cero, los restantes fueron sumergidos en solución buffer y retirados en grupos de tres, a intervalos de treinta minutos, hasta completar un total de 17 períodos de observación (8 horas). En otro grupo de 16 discos tratados, se realizó el antibiograma por difusión en un medio sembrado con S. mutans. Para su realización se introdujo al cultivo, un disco sin sumergir en el buffer, el que constituyó el tiempo cero. Los restantes fueron retirados a intervalos de dos minutos, hasta completar un período de observación de treinta minutos. Durante los primeros treinta minutos, se pudo observar que el tratamiento realizado a los discos, permitió la inhibición in Vitro del desarrollo de S. mutans y C. albicans, con una correlación de 85,4 porciento entre disminución de área de inhibición y tiempo de exposición a la solución buffer. Sin embargo, después de los 30 minutos iniciales, la inhibición in vitro fue independiente de la exposición al buffer. A partir de ese momento, se logra un efecto inhibitorio del desarrollo de S. mutans, pero no de C. albicans


Subject(s)
Candida albicans/drug effects , Chlorhexidine/pharmacokinetics , In Vitro Techniques , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects
17.
Rev. méd. Panamá ; 20(1/2): 20-24, Jan.-May 1995.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-409946

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to show that the nonionic contrast media of low osmolarity are better tolerated than ionic media of high osmolarity, which to date are most frequently used in the authors hospital. We found that adverse reaction occurred in 80% of the group in which nonionic contrast medium was used. The authors conclude that nonionic, low osmolarity contrast media significantly reduce the frequency of adverse reactions and increase their safe use


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Contrast Media/adverse effects , Triiodobenzoic Acids , Osmolar Concentration , Prospective Studies , Injections, Intravenous , Iothalamate Meglumine/administration & dosage , Iothalamate Meglumine/adverse effects , Contrast Media/administration & dosage
18.
Rev. méd. Panamá ; 19(3): 154-62, Sept. 1994.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-409956

ABSTRACT

Duplex ultrasonography (DUS) has shown high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It is now considered the initial procedure of choice for the evaluation of this entity because of its advantages (low cost, non invasiveness, no need for contrast media, no ionizing radiation) and because of the possibility of making other diagnoses, v.g. Baker's cyst. With the development of color Doppler, this study has become easier and now includes the calf and iliac vessels. Nevertheless, it has not improved the sensitivity and specificity of DUS. Phlebography, until now the [quot ]golden standard[quot ], has become a [quot ]second choice[quot ] procedure for proximal DVT but it continues to be of value in the evaluation of calf veins, which are more difficult to evaluate with DUS, and other venous pathology


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex , Thrombophlebitis , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex , Prospective Studies , Evaluation Study , Phlebography , Double-Blind Method , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thrombophlebitis
19.
Rev. chil. cir ; 46(4): 404-9, ago. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-137941

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 641 casos de heridas cortopunzantes penetrantes abdominales en revisión retrospectiva desde 1985 a 1992, excluyendo las heridas toracoabdominales. La etiología más frecuente fue el arma blanca en el 99 por ciento. El 38,8 por ciento fue operado y hubo un 9,3 por ciento de laparotomías en blanco. En el grupo operado los órganos más lesionados fueron intestino delgado, 33,4 por ciento, y colon, 14,7 por ciento. Morbilidad 21,5 por ciento, la más frecuente infección de herida operatoria 9,4 por ciento. Al aplicar el Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index, PATI, el 97,7 por ciento tenía valores bajo 25 y el promedio fue de 9,8 puntos. Mortalidad 4,1 por ciento, 10/246. En éste, el 57 por ciento tenía PATI mayor de 25 y el promedio fue de 26,8 puntos. El PATI es un índice útil en este tipo de lesiones con alta mortalidad en el grupo sobre 25 puntos


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Abdominal Injuries/surgery , Wounds, Penetrating/surgery , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Postoperative Complications/classification , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Trauma Severity Indices , Wounds, Penetrating/etiology
20.
Rev. méd. Panamá ; 19(1): 27-36, Jan. 1994.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-409992

ABSTRACT

Solid and papillary epithelial tumor of the pancreas occurs mainly in young women and its main characteristic is the appearance of an abdominal mass which progressively increases in size. The radiologic, surgical and pathological correlation shows that it is a tumor of low grade malignancy with a favorable prognosis, after therapy and according to the location of the tumor. The authors report the clinical history of the first two confirmed cases of this entity in Panama, which occurred in 1985 and 1992, respectively, in women less than 25 years of age


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Carcinoma, Papillary , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL